Endocrine Abstracts

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) management profoundly changed across years, with increasing emphasis on stringent glycaemic control. While it is well demonstrated that the progressive improvement of glycaemic control allows a tighter command of diabetes-related complications, the positive implications thereof on reproductive functions are still unclear. Indeed, it is well known that oligomenorrhea and amenorrhea are more frequently detected in young women with T1DM...

Background: Persons with assigned either male (AMAB) or female (AFAB) sex at birth might wish to obtain feminization or masculinization, respectively. To this purpose, hormonal treatment with sex hormones must be tailored to each subject. Several studies and the European Society of Endocrinology guidelines tried to identify the optimal hormonal treatment in both AMAB and AFAB subjects. However, the clinical management in the long term follow-up remains challenging. Many treatm...

Background: Gender-affirming hormone treatment (GAHT) is the cornerstone in the therapeutic management of transgender and gender diverse (TGD) people, which are currently classified as transgender assigned-female-at birth (t-AFAB) and assigned-male-at birth (t-AMAB) subjects. Due to its hormonal nature, GAHT is commonly handled by the endocrinologist and available guidelines on this topic mimic the recommendations for cis-gender hypogonadal populations. However, the GAHT long ...